A simplified electro-chemical lithium-ion battery model applicable for in situ monitoring and online control

The penetration of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in transport, energy, and communication systems is increasing rapidly. A meticulous but simplified LIB model for non-uniform internal state monitoring online control sought practice. Based on the pseudo-two-dimensional (P2D) model, a electro-chemical LIBs proposed. Specifically, rigorous reaction rates inside battery derived. Sub-models that capture non-uniformity current densities, potentials concentrations are developed synchronously. Time-variant parameters lumped thermal incorporated as well. full-cycle simulation framework, including discretization, initialization, stabilization closed-loop correction methods, designed ease control. Numerical experiments widely used NCM LFP 18650 under standard charge discharge protocols dynamic during peak-shaving or regulation service conducted validation. Generally, speed proposed increases hundreds times compared to P2D model. estimation accuracy external states around 10% 100% state-of-art models. In addition, framework increase ten respectively ensemble Kalman filter.